Thermal Grooving:

  

Groove tip displacement is measured with respect to the original surface of the interconnect material, and the positive direction of the motion is chosen towards the bulk region.

For all wetting parameters and GB tilt angles in the experiment range, this groove depth vs. normalized time data is collected, and with linear regression following analytical expressionsfor the steady state region are obtained (will be published soon) :



Where is the modification term.

figure 2
 

Similarly the Eq. governing both transient plus the steady state regions is found;

Where and are the system parameters and found as and .